From e7abc47cdf5438cb77c4f6b36e6eb01ab7cc275e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: IgorCielniak <igorcielniak.contact@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 8 Jan 2026 18:34:34 +0100
Subject: [PATCH] ststic arrays and dynamic arrays

---
 main.py                    |  90 +++++++++++++-
 stdlib/arr.sl              | 248 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 tests/arr_dynamic.expected |   6 +
 tests/arr_dynamic.sl       |  23 ++++
 tests/arr_dynamic.test     |   1 +
 tests/list.expected        |   2 +
 tests/list.sl              |   9 ++
 tests/list.test            |   1 +
 8 files changed, 376 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 stdlib/arr.sl
 create mode 100644 tests/arr_dynamic.expected
 create mode 100644 tests/arr_dynamic.sl
 create mode 100644 tests/arr_dynamic.test
 create mode 100644 tests/list.expected
 create mode 100644 tests/list.sl
 create mode 100644 tests/list.test

diff --git a/main.py b/main.py
index 89a4e84..0920411 100644
--- a/main.py
+++ b/main.py
@@ -439,10 +439,12 @@ class Parser:
             if self._handle_macro_recording(token):
                 continue
             lexeme = token.lexeme
-            if lexeme == ":":
-                raise ParseError(
-                    f"':' definitions are no longer supported; use 'word <name> ... end' at {token.line}:{token.column}"
-                )
+            if lexeme == "[":
+                self._handle_list_begin()
+                continue
+            if lexeme == "]":
+                self._handle_list_end(token)
+                continue
             if lexeme == "word":
                 self._begin_definition(token, terminator="end")
                 continue
@@ -495,6 +497,16 @@ class Parser:
         module.variables = dict(self.variable_labels)
         return module
 
+    def _handle_list_begin(self) -> None:
+        label = self._new_label("list")
+        self._append_op(Op(op="list_begin", data=label))
+        self._push_control({"type": "list", "label": label})
+
+    def _handle_list_end(self, token: Token) -> None:
+        entry = self._pop_control(("list",))
+        label = entry["label"]
+        self._append_op(Op(op="list_end", data=label))
+
     # Internal helpers ---------------------------------------------------------
 
     def _parse_extern(self, token: Token) -> None:
@@ -1703,6 +1715,72 @@ class Assembler:
             self._emit_for_next(data, builder)
             return
 
+        if kind == "list_begin":
+            builder.comment("list begin")
+            builder.emit("    mov rax, [rel list_capture_sp]")
+            builder.emit("    lea rdx, [rel list_capture_stack]")
+            builder.emit("    mov [rdx + rax*8], r12")
+            builder.emit("    inc rax")
+            builder.emit("    mov [rel list_capture_sp], rax")
+            return
+
+        if kind == "list_end":
+            base = str(data)
+            loop_label = f"{base}_copy_loop"
+            done_label = f"{base}_copy_done"
+
+            builder.comment("list end")
+            # pop capture start pointer
+            builder.emit("    mov rax, [rel list_capture_sp]")
+            builder.emit("    dec rax")
+            builder.emit("    mov [rel list_capture_sp], rax")
+            builder.emit("    lea r11, [rel list_capture_stack]")
+            builder.emit("    mov rbx, [r11 + rax*8]")
+            # count = (start_r12 - r12) / 8
+            builder.emit("    mov rcx, rbx")
+            builder.emit("    sub rcx, r12")
+            builder.emit("    shr rcx, 3")
+            builder.emit("    mov [rel list_capture_tmp], rcx")
+
+            # bytes = (count + 1) * 8
+            builder.emit("    mov rsi, rcx")
+            builder.emit("    inc rsi")
+            builder.emit("    shl rsi, 3")
+
+            # mmap(NULL, bytes, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANON, -1, 0)
+            builder.emit("    xor rdi, rdi")
+            builder.emit("    mov rdx, 3")
+            builder.emit("    mov r10, 34")
+            builder.emit("    mov r8, -1")
+            builder.emit("    xor r9, r9")
+            builder.emit("    mov rax, 9")
+            builder.emit("    syscall")
+
+            # store length
+            builder.emit("    mov rdx, [rel list_capture_tmp]")
+            builder.emit("    mov [rax], rdx")
+
+            # copy elements, preserving original push order
+            builder.emit("    xor rcx, rcx")
+            builder.emit(f"{loop_label}:")
+            builder.emit("    cmp rcx, rdx")
+            builder.emit(f"    je {done_label}")
+            builder.emit("    mov r8, rdx")
+            builder.emit("    dec r8")
+            builder.emit("    sub r8, rcx")
+            builder.emit("    shl r8, 3")
+            builder.emit("    mov r9, [r12 + r8]")
+            builder.emit("    mov [rax + 8 + rcx*8], r9")
+            builder.emit("    inc rcx")
+            builder.emit(f"    jmp {loop_label}")
+            builder.emit(f"{done_label}:")
+
+            # drop captured values and push list pointer
+            builder.emit("    mov r12, rbx")
+            builder.emit("    sub r12, 8")
+            builder.emit("    mov [r12], rax")
+            return
+
         raise CompileError(f"unsupported op {node!r}")
 
     def _emit_wordref(self, name: str, builder: FunctionEmitter) -> None:
@@ -1855,6 +1933,10 @@ class Assembler:
             "print_buf_end:",
             "align 16",
             "persistent: resb 64",
+            "align 16",
+            "list_capture_sp: resq 1",
+            "list_capture_tmp: resq 1",
+            "list_capture_stack: resq 1024",
         ]
 
     def write_asm(self, emission: Emission, path: Path) -> None:
diff --git a/stdlib/arr.sl b/stdlib/arr.sl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3f513a0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/stdlib/arr.sl
@@ -0,0 +1,248 @@
+# Dynamic arrays (qword elements)
+#
+# Layout at address `arr`:
+#   [arr + 0]  len   (qword)
+#   [arr + 8]  cap   (qword)
+#   [arr + 16] data  (qword)  = arr + 24
+#   [arr + 24] elements (cap * 8 bytes)
+#
+# Allocation: mmap; free: munmap.
+# Growth: allocate new block, copy elements, munmap old block.
+
+# : arr_new ( cap -- arr )
+:asm arr_new {
+	mov r14, [r12]        ; requested cap
+	cmp r14, 1
+	jge .cap_ok
+	mov r14, 1
+.cap_ok:
+	; bytes = 24 + cap*8
+	mov rsi, r14
+	shl rsi, 3
+	add rsi, 24
+
+	; mmap(NULL, bytes, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANON, -1, 0)
+	xor rdi, rdi
+	mov rdx, 3
+	mov r10, 34
+	mov r8, -1
+	xor r9, r9
+	mov rax, 9
+	syscall
+
+	; header
+	mov qword [rax], 0
+	mov [rax + 8], r14
+	lea rbx, [rax + 24]
+	mov [rax + 16], rbx
+
+	; replace cap with arr pointer
+	mov [r12], rax
+	ret
+}
+;
+
+# : arr_len ( arr -- len )
+:asm arr_len {
+	mov rax, [r12]
+	mov rax, [rax]
+	mov [r12], rax
+	ret
+}
+;
+
+# : arr_cap ( arr -- cap )
+:asm arr_cap {
+	mov rax, [r12]
+	mov rax, [rax + 8]
+	mov [r12], rax
+	ret
+}
+;
+
+# : arr_data ( arr -- ptr )
+:asm arr_data {
+	mov rax, [r12]
+	mov rax, [rax + 16]
+	mov [r12], rax
+	ret
+}
+;
+
+# : arr_free ( arr -- )
+:asm arr_free {
+	mov rbx, [r12]        ; base
+	mov rcx, [rbx + 8]    ; cap
+	mov rsi, rcx
+	shl rsi, 3
+	add rsi, 24
+	mov rdi, rbx
+	mov rax, 11
+	syscall
+	add r12, 8            ; drop arr
+	ret
+}
+;
+
+# : arr_reserve ( cap arr -- arr )
+# Ensures capacity >= cap; returns (possibly moved) arr pointer.
+:asm arr_reserve {
+	mov rbx, [r12]        ; arr
+	mov r14, [r12 + 8]    ; requested cap
+	cmp r14, 1
+	jge .req_ok
+	mov r14, 1
+.req_ok:
+	mov rdx, [rbx + 8]    ; old cap
+	cmp rdx, r14
+	jae .no_change
+
+	; alloc new block: bytes = 24 + reqcap*8
+	mov rsi, r14
+	shl rsi, 3
+	add rsi, 24
+	xor rdi, rdi
+	mov rdx, 3
+	mov r10, 34
+	mov r8, -1
+	xor r9, r9
+	mov rax, 9
+	syscall
+
+	mov r10, rax          ; new base
+	lea r9, [r10 + 24]    ; new data
+
+	; header
+	mov r8, [rbx]         ; len
+	mov [r10], r8
+	mov [r10 + 8], r14
+	mov [r10 + 16], r9
+
+	; copy elements from old data
+	mov r11, [rbx + 16]   ; old data
+	xor rcx, rcx          ; i
+.copy_loop:
+	cmp rcx, r8
+	je .copy_done
+	mov rdx, [r11 + rcx*8]
+	mov [r9 + rcx*8], rdx
+	inc rcx
+	jmp .copy_loop
+.copy_done:
+
+	; munmap old block
+	mov rsi, [rbx + 8]
+	shl rsi, 3
+	add rsi, 24
+	mov rdi, rbx
+	mov rax, 11
+	syscall
+
+	; return new arr only
+	mov [r12 + 8], r10
+	add r12, 8
+	ret
+
+.no_change:
+	; drop cap, keep arr
+	mov [r12 + 8], rbx
+	add r12, 8
+	ret
+}
+;
+
+# : arr_push ( x arr -- arr )
+:asm arr_push {
+	mov rbx, [r12]        ; arr
+	mov rcx, [rbx]        ; len
+	mov rdx, [rbx + 8]    ; cap
+	cmp rcx, rdx
+	jb .have_space
+
+	; grow: newcap = max(1, cap) * 2
+	mov r14, rdx
+	cmp r14, 1
+	jae .cap_ok
+	mov r14, 1
+.cap_ok:
+	shl r14, 1
+
+	; alloc new block
+	mov rsi, r14
+	shl rsi, 3
+	add rsi, 24
+	xor rdi, rdi
+	mov rdx, 3
+	mov r10, 34
+	mov r8, -1
+	xor r9, r9
+	mov rax, 9
+	syscall
+
+	mov r10, rax          ; new base
+	lea r9, [r10 + 24]    ; new data
+
+	; header
+	mov rcx, [rbx]        ; len (reload; syscall clobbers rcx)
+	mov [r10], rcx
+	mov [r10 + 8], r14
+	mov [r10 + 16], r9
+
+	; copy old data
+	mov r11, [rbx + 16]   ; old data
+	xor r8, r8
+.push_copy_loop:
+	cmp r8, rcx
+	je .push_copy_done
+	mov rdx, [r11 + r8*8]
+	mov [r9 + r8*8], rdx
+	inc r8
+	jmp .push_copy_loop
+.push_copy_done:
+
+	; munmap old block
+	mov rsi, [rbx + 8]
+	shl rsi, 3
+	add rsi, 24
+	mov rdi, rbx
+	mov rax, 11
+	syscall
+
+	; switch to new base
+	mov rbx, r10
+
+.have_space:
+	; store element at data[len]
+	mov r9, [rbx + 16]
+	mov rax, [r12 + 8]    ; x
+	mov rcx, [rbx]        ; len
+	mov [r9 + rcx*8], rax
+	inc rcx
+	mov [rbx], rcx
+
+	; return arr only
+	mov [r12 + 8], rbx
+	add r12, 8
+	ret
+}
+;
+
+# : arr_pop ( arr -- x arr )
+:asm arr_pop {
+	mov rbx, [r12]        ; arr
+	mov rcx, [rbx]        ; len
+	test rcx, rcx
+	jz .empty
+	dec rcx
+	mov [rbx], rcx
+	mov rdx, [rbx + 16]   ; data
+	mov rax, [rdx + rcx*8]
+	jmp .push
+.empty:
+	xor rax, rax
+.push:
+	sub r12, 8
+	mov [r12], rax
+	ret
+}
+;
diff --git a/tests/arr_dynamic.expected b/tests/arr_dynamic.expected
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9062604
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/arr_dynamic.expected
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+1
+3
+4
+10
+20
+30
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/arr_dynamic.sl b/tests/arr_dynamic.sl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7784a05
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/arr_dynamic.sl
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+import ../stdlib/stdlib.sl
+import ../stdlib/io.sl
+import ../stdlib/arr.sl
+
+word main
+    0 arr_new
+
+    dup arr_cap puti cr
+
+    10 swap arr_push
+    20 swap arr_push
+    30 swap arr_push
+
+    dup arr_len puti cr
+    dup arr_cap puti cr
+
+    # print elements via explicit offsets: data[i] = @ (arr_data + i*8)
+    dup arr_data 0 8 * + @ puti cr
+    dup arr_data 1 8 * + @ puti cr
+    dup arr_data 2 8 * + @ puti cr
+
+    arr_free
+end
diff --git a/tests/arr_dynamic.test b/tests/arr_dynamic.test
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7082399
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/arr_dynamic.test
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+python main.py tests/arr_dynamic.sl -o /tmp/arr_dynamic > /dev/null && /tmp/arr_dynamic
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/list.expected b/tests/list.expected
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..446a462
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/list.expected
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+3
+2
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/list.sl b/tests/list.sl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3704f21
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/list.sl
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import ../stdlib/stdlib.sl
+import ../stdlib/io.sl
+
+word main
+    [ 1 2 3 4 ]
+    # element i is at: list_ptr + 8 + i*8
+    dup 8 2 * 8 + + @ puti cr   # index 2 = 3
+    dup 8 1 * 8 + + @ puti cr   # index 1 = 2
+end
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/list.test b/tests/list.test
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..65b40f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/list.test
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+python main.py tests/list.sl -o /tmp/list > /dev/null && /tmp/list
\ No newline at end of file